Neurological Conditions

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has recently emerged as a promising neuromodulatory modality for treating several neurological and psychological disorders. Various studies indicate that HBOT can promote brain recovery and neuroplasticity through the modulation of key cellular and molecular mechanisms. HBOT affects multiple primary pathways and cellular functions including mitochondrial biogenesis and function. HBOT offers an approach to neuromodulation that warrants further exploration. This review discusses the representative mechanisms of action of HBOT and highlights its therapeutic neuromodulatory effects and potential clinical applications across various neurological and psychiatric conditions.

• Study: Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as a neuromodulatory technique

  • Conclusion: HBOT offers significant neuromodulatory potential by affecting key cellular and molecular mechanisms. The most representative molecules and pathways influenced by HBOT include mitochondrial biogenesis and function (enhanced ATP production, increased Bcl-2 expression, and reduced Bax expression), neurogenesis (upregulation of Wnt-3 and VEGF/ERK signaling), synaptogenesis (elevated GAP43 and synaptophysin expression), and anti-inflammatory pathways (reduced TNF-α and IL-6). These molecular changes collectively contribute to enhanced neuroplasticity, improved cognitive function, and better clinical outcomes in conditions such as TBI, PTSD, fibromyalgia, and post-stroke depression. Clinically, these effects translate into improved recovery, cognitive performance, and quality of life in patients with persistent neurological and psychiatric disorders. However, further research is required to refine dosing protocols and explore additional pathways that might contribute to HBOT’s therapeutic benefits. Such work is critical for optimizing the clinical application of HBOT across a range of neurological conditions.

  • https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2024.1450134/full